Android SpannableString使用示例-白红宇

有时候可以看到一些文本承载了不同风格的样式，比如背景色、下划线、下标、附带表情图等等

其实这些都可以通过SpannableString来完成，通过为之设置不同的Span属性，使不同的风格样式组合在一起，然后再将文本信息传给TextView，就可以呈现出绚丽多彩的效果

spannableString.gif

主要使用到的是 SpannableString 对象的 setSpan 方法，方法签名如下所示：

public void setSpan(Object what, int start, int end, int flags);

参数说明：

what 要设置的各种Span样式

start 样式的起始位置，样式在该位置上起作用，索引从0开始

end 样式的结束位置，样式在该位置上不起作用

flags 设置当起始位置前和起始位置后如果再插入新字符时的动作，即是否对新插入的字符应用同样的样式

Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE：前后都不包括，即前后位置都不会应用同样的样式

Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE：前面不会，后面会

Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE：前面会，后面不会

Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE：前后都会

所有的示例代码如下所示：

private void foregroundColorSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("这是前景色");        TextView tv_foregroundColorSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_foregroundColorSpan);        ForegroundColorSpan foregroundColorSpan = new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#FF4081"));        spannableString.setSpan(foregroundColorSpan, 2, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);        tv_foregroundColorSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void backgroundColorSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("这是背景色");        TextView tv_backgroundColorSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_backgroundColorSpan);        BackgroundColorSpan colorSpan = new BackgroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#30cfff"));        spannableString.setSpan(colorSpan, 2, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);        tv_backgroundColorSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void relativeSizeSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("可以设置相对字体大小");        TextView tv_relativeSizeSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_relativeSizeSpan);        //相对于默认字体大小的倍数        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan01 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan02 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan03 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan04 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.8f);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan01, 4, 5, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan02, 5, 6, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan03, 6, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan04, 7, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_relativeSizeSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void absoluteSizeSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("可以设置绝对字体大小");        TextView tv_absoluteSizeSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_absoluteSizeSpan);        AbsoluteSizeSpan sizeSpan01 = new AbsoluteSizeSpan(12, true);        AbsoluteSizeSpan sizeSpan02 = new AbsoluteSizeSpan(14, true);        AbsoluteSizeSpan sizeSpan03 = new AbsoluteSizeSpan(16, true);        AbsoluteSizeSpan sizeSpan04 = new AbsoluteSizeSpan(18, true);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan01, 4, 5, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan02, 5, 6, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan03, 6, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan04, 7, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_absoluteSizeSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void typeface() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("可以设置字体");        TextView tv_typeface = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_typeface);        TypefaceSpan typefaceSpan = new TypefaceSpan("sans-serif");        spannableString.setSpan(typefaceSpan, 4, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_typeface.setText(spannableString);    }    private void strikethroughSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置删除线");        TextView tv_strikethroughSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_strikethroughSpan);        StrikethroughSpan strikethroughSpan = new StrikethroughSpan();        spannableString.setSpan(strikethroughSpan, 2, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_strikethroughSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void underlineSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置下划线");        TextView tv_underlineSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_underlineSpan);        UnderlineSpan underlineSpan = new UnderlineSpan();        spannableString.setSpan(underlineSpan, 2, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_underlineSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void superscriptSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置上标");        TextView tv_superscriptSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_superscriptSpan);        SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan = new SuperscriptSpan();        spannableString.setSpan(superscriptSpan, 2, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_superscriptSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void subscriptSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置下标");        TextView tv_subscriptSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_subscriptSpan);        SubscriptSpan subscriptSpan = new SubscriptSpan();        spannableString.setSpan(subscriptSpan, 2, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_subscriptSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void styleSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置各种不同的字体风格：叶应是叶");        TextView tv_styleSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_styleSpan);        StyleSpan bold = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD);        StyleSpan italic = new StyleSpan(Typeface.ITALIC);        StyleSpan boldItalic = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC);        spannableString.setSpan(bold, 12, 13, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(italic, 13, 14, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString.setSpan(boldItalic, 14, 16, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_styleSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void imageSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("添加表情图片 ");        TextView tv_imageSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_imageSpan);        Drawable drawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.drawable.icon);        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, 44, 44);        ImageSpan imageSpan = new ImageSpan(drawable);        spannableString.setSpan(imageSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_imageSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void clickableSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("这是可以点击的文本：叶应是叶");        TextView tv_clickableSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_clickableSpan);        MyClickableSpan clickableSpan = new MyClickableSpan();        spannableString.setSpan(clickableSpan, 10, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_clickableSpan.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());        tv_clickableSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private void urlSpan() {        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("这是可以跳转到指定网页的文本：叶应是叶");        TextView tv_urlSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_urlSpan);        URLSpan urlSpan = new URLSpan("https://github.com/leavesC");        spannableString.setSpan(urlSpan, 15, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        tv_urlSpan.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());        tv_urlSpan.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#303F9F"));        tv_urlSpan.setText(spannableString);    }    private class MyClickableSpan extends android.text.style.ClickableSpan {        @Override        public void updateDrawState(TextPaint ds) {            ds.setColor(Color.parseColor("#004081"));            //设置是否显示下划线            ds.setUnderlineText(false);        }        @Override        public void onClick(View widget) {            Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainActivity.class);            startActivity(intent);        }    }

这里提供源代码下载：